Abstract
Sulfides are promising candidates for environment-friendly and cost-effective thermoelectric materials. In this article, we review the recent progress in all-length-scale hierarchical architecturing for sulfides and chalcogenides, highlighting the key strategies used to enhance their thermoelectric performance. We primarily focus on TiS2-based layered sulfides, misfit layered sulfides, homologous chalcogenides, accordion-like layered Sn chalcogenides, and thermoelectric minerals. CS2 sulfurization is an appropriate method for preparing sulfide thermoelectric materials. At the atomic scale, the intercalation of guest atoms/layers into host crystal layers, crystal-structural evolution enabled by the homologous series, and low-energy atomic vibration effectively scatter phonons, resulting in a reduced lattice thermal conductivity. At the nanoscale, stacking faults further reduce the lattice thermal conductivity. At the microscale, the highly oriented microtexture allows high carrier mobility in the in-plane direction, leading to a high thermoelectric power factor.
Highlights
The growing demand for energy throughout the world is causing an energy crisis and aggravating environmental burden
Solid-state devices based on thermoelectrics can directly convert the waste heat generated from various sources into useful electrical energy and can provide a new approach to improving energy management and sustainability while reducing greenhouse-gas emissions [1,2,3,4,5]
In order to increase S2/ρ and reduce κlat, thermoelectric materials have been strategically developed with the phonon glass-electron crystal (PGEC) concept proposed by
Summary
The growing demand for energy throughout the world is causing an energy crisis and aggravating environmental burden. In order to increase S2/ρ and reduce κlat, thermoelectric materials have been strategically developed with the phonon glass-electron crystal (PGEC) concept proposed by. The PGEC concept has been realized using three methods: nanoblock integration, a nano- and meso-structuring/panoscopic approach, and rattling/low-energy atomic vibration. Layered cobaltite oxides such as NaxCoO and Ca–Co–O have been demonstrated to be promising high-temperature thermoelectric materials [7,8,9,10,11,12,13]. The nanoblock integration, nano- and meso-structuring/panoscopic approach, and rattling/low-energy atomic vibration to layered sulfides and chalcogenides are important guidance for ZT enhancement through all-length-scale hierarchical architecture
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