Abstract
We identify a structure in the spectra of 1D lattice models of interacting electrons, characterised by an anomalous gapped branch of elementary excitations. Focussing on a family of Bethe ansatz solvable models, where all excitations are stable against decay, we make a four-way classification of the energy spectrum along with a model belonging to each class. We find in particular that the anomalous excitation branch may switch between the spin and charge symmetry sectors without a change in the ground state. Instead it changes its nature by becoming inaccessible to the ground state.
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