Abstract
Heritage cities are suffering from many and varied problems that they were unable to meet the current requirements, which made them an unfit environment for contemporary housing, causing a change in its residential functional structure, with the desertion of part of its indigenous population, and threatening the social and historical value of its urban fabric. There is great importance in preserving the urban heritage fabric in general. The research objectives are concerned with the heritage fabric in Al-Shawaka- Al-Karkh / BAGHDAD- IRAQ, in particular. This can be said to be the area of origin before the construction of the round city of Baghdad, and it has preserved its residential function through the ages; this makes it a special area for preservation and rehabilitation of the urban fabric in it. The research problem: The hidden orders and its relations to the preservation of architectural and urban. The research hypothesis: Each urban fabric has its own Orders. There are apparent Orders at the level of the urban fabric, at the same time, there are hidden Orders. It is necessary to study the hidden Orders of the heritage urban fabric, and understand them, which leads to find new tools in the way it is preserved, rehabilitated, and linked to the contemporary fabric .The research also deals with the difference between architectural preservation and urban preservation at the fabric level. When moving between alleys of Al- Shawaka, there is a neglected legacy on the large and small levels, the researchers analyzed these alleys to find hidden order. The methodology: studying the specificities of heritage urban fabric context historically and morphologically. The research aims to find Hidden Orders as well as the phenomenon Orders in the region and it aims to arrive at general indicators to preserve and rehabilitate them.
Highlights
The heritage fabric located in the heart of cities, especially in Iraqi cities, suffers from wear and tear, overcrowding, and a lack of services and infrastructure, [3]
Second: the analytical study, where the paths of Al-Shawaka area were analyzed, which are paths heading towards the river and hiding in its alleys a hidden wealth of various orders, patterns, and styles, through a field survey of the current reality of the area confined between Al-Shuhada bridge and Al-Ahrar on the Karkh side, using the camera, taking pictures and analyzing them, and finding hidden consistencies, on the level of architectural buildings, at the level of the urban fabric for the purpose of preserving it first using these heritage orders in the designs of new cities in order to preserve the identity of the local city
Preserving the architectural heritage is a global demand that all countries seek and compete for the preservation of this important part of their culture, especially in our era in which the world has become more like a cosmic village, which has increased the importance of architectural heritage as a physical embodiment of peoples' civilization and preserving it means preserving their identity Own, and physical proof of authenticity
Summary
The concept of heritage was in the scope of conservation considered with its monumental value, but in time heritage has started to be considered integrated with its environment after the many ideas were established in years and the necessity of the continuation of the "heritage identity" concept has been taken importance. [1] There are international preservation standards and charters that introduce principles for interventions in historical context, [2], but in in our country there are many problems in this issue. [1] There are international preservation standards and charters that introduce principles for interventions in historical context, [2], but in in our country there are many problems in this issue. Which made it vulnerable to removal at the earliest opportunity, just as most of the space patterns and the uses of the earth began to change as well, this led to an increasing demand for commercial uses in the heart of cities, which has negatively affected the housing stock and its urban fabric, causing gradual demolition and continuous disruption, and the absence of the contribution of this historical fabric serving the old city with its original function, even if there is a certain continuity of this tissue without changing the use of the land in it, the infrastructure and the nature of the services provided in it suffer from deterioration and regression
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