Abstract
“Galaxies, like elephants, have long memories,” says an influential article from the 1980s. Tapping into these memories has revealed some surprising facts about the history of our neighbouring Andromeda galaxy. A panoramic survey of the region around our nearest galactic neighbour, the well known Andromeda galaxy M31, has detected stars and coherent structures that are almost certainly remnants of dwarf galaxies destroyed by M31's tidal field. The brightest companion, the Triangulum galaxy (M33), is surrounded by a previously unknown prominent stellar structure that provides evidence for a recent encounter with M31. This new view of galactic structures is consistent with hierarchical cosmological models in which galaxies grow in mass by the accretion of smaller ones.
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