基于HGM模型的城市湿地水环境功能评估——以南京仙林典型湿地为例

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于水文地貌法模型的城市湿地水环境功能评估——以南京仙林典型湿地为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201411122241 作者: 作者单位: 南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京师范大学地理科学学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(41401205);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20140921);江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心项目;江苏优势学科建设工程资助项目 Assessment of water environment functions in urban wetlands by using the hydrogeomorphic model: A case study of Nanjing Xianlin Author: Affiliation: Collage of Geography Science,Nanjing Normal University,Collage of Geography Science,Nanjing Normal University,Collage of Geography Science,Nanjing Normal University,Collage of Geography Science,Nanjing Normal University,Collage of Geography Science,Nanjing Normal University Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:我国正处于快速城市化发展过程中,许多湿地被改造利用成为城市湿地。如何科学评估城市湿地功能及其改变程度,是科学认识城市湿地的重要内容。基于水文地貌法,通过选取区域受城市化影响小、生态系统结构与功能接近于自然湿地的湿地作为参考湿地,利用遥感和GIS的手段以及野外实地调查方法,从湿地水环境功能角度,对南京仙林区域内典型城市湿地的水环境特征与功能进行评估。结果表明:(1)城市湿地水环境功能明显降低,其蓄水功能、净水功能、水文调节功能明显低于参考湿地;(2)受城市化景观复杂性影响,城市湿地水环境功能的改变程度呈现个性化特征,纪家边、采月湖和西湖西这3个湿地可以作为城市化过程中湿地改造的典范。这一结论可为城市化区域内湿地的合理开发利用以及湿地的保护、恢复提供科学依据。 Abstract:Wetlands have the richest biodiversity on the Earth's ecological landscape and are one of the most important environments inhabited by humans; they are one of the world's three major ecosystems (the other two are forests and oceans). Wetlands are regarded as "the Earth's filtration system". China is in the process of rapid urbanization, and many wetlands have been transformed into urban wetlands. Urban wetlands are often the product of urbanized process, which plays an important role in the transformation and migration of pollutants, surface water storage, improving urban water quality and adjusting urban microclimate. Therefore, urban wetlands are widely used in urban ecological construction. Because the urbanized process has a significant impact on the structure and catchment of wetland, the ecological functions of wetlands have changed dramatically. Evaluation of an urban wetland's ecological functions is important to scientifically understand urban wetlands and reasonably utilize and protect urban wetlands. Reference wetlands are specific wetland sites within a region,and they are less disturbed and close to natural wetlands. Taking the typical wetlands in Xian Lin Nanjing as examples, we selected appropriate reference wetlands to evaluate the characteristics and functions of the water environment in urban wetlands by using the hydrogeomorphic method. We used RS(Remote Sensing)、GIS(Geographic Information System) and field investigation to develop a functional index and model for the wetlands. The results showed that:Compared with reference wetlands, the seasonal water level changes of urban wetlands have no regularity. The average annual water quality indicators for the reference wetlands mainly remained at Class Ⅱ water quality standards, and those for the urban wetlands mainly remained at Class Ⅳ water quality standards. The water environment functions of the urban wetlands showed obvious degradation due to urbanization. The WEFI(Water Environment Function Index) score for the urban wetlands declined by 24%. In the sub-index of WEFI, the FCI(Functional Capacity Index) score of the water storage function for the urban wetlands declined by 22%, the FCI score of the water purification function declined by 33%, and the FCI score of the hydrological adjustment function declined by 17%. In addition, the water environment functions of different urban wetlands showed obvious differences because of the impact of the complex urbanized landscape. The quality of water environmental functions of Ji jiabian Wetland is the best, followed by those of Cai yuehu Wetland and Xi huxi Wetland. There has been some degradation of water environment functions in Gui shanju Wetland and Nanyou Wetland. The quality of water environment functions of Nancai Wetland was the worst. Therefore, we can conclude that Ji jiabian Wetland, Cai yuehu Wetland and Xi huxi Wetland, which have good water environment functions, can be regarded as models for reforming wetlands during urbanization. By revealing the differences in water environment functions between the six urban wetlands, not only can we provide a scientific basis for wetland resource conservation and scientific management of urban wetlands but also achieve social, economic, and sustainable development in the city. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献