Heterosis models of corn hybrids of different maturity groups FAO 150-490 under irrigated conditions

Abstract

Aim. The aim of this work was to develop heterosis models of corn hybrids FAO 150–490 for irrigation conditions. A morpho-physiological model was developed and the FAO 150–490 corn hybrids were created on its basis for irrigation conditions of the South of Ukraine with grain yield 11–17 t/ha. Methods. The general scientific, special selection genetic, computational and comparative research methods were used. Results. The results of multi- years research for morpho-physiological and heterozyotic models of corn hybrids of different maturity groups within the conditions of irrigation were presented. The main parameters of models of maize hybrids of different FAO groups are determined. The parameters of heterozosis models are determined and the lines with high combining ability were created, which are involved in the pedigree of early-ripening, early ripe medium group, mid-ripening, middle-late and late maturity groups of newly created hybrids. These hybrids have not shown the yield increase during the optimization technology for grain growing. There were defined corn hybrids intensive type which provide grain yield of 15–17 t/ha. Conclusions. There were created new innovative FAO corn hybrids 150–600 for irrigation conditions, which are possessing a complex of economic complex and valuable features which are able to form high yields during the irrigation (11–17 t/ha). The morpho-biological features that determine grain yield are steadily implemented only at high soil fertility. For this reason the selection phenotype is reliable only in favorable conditions. The differentiating ability of the environment within a high soil fertility is more than in close-extreme conditions.
 Keywords: corn, maize, model, hybrid, irrigation, group maturity, yield.