Abstract
ABSTRACT High heterosis values can be obtained using hybrid okra seeds. However, despite high heterotic values, it is very difficult to produce hybrid okra seeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate an experimental methodology of hybridization. Two different methods of hybridization were used: traditional manual hybridization with complete emasculation followed by hand pollination (artificial) and, an experimental methodology, performing manual hybridization with incomplete emasculation followed by entomophilous natural pollination between two inbred lines (UFU-QB-040D and UFU-QB-107G).These inbred lines were obtained from three selection cycles. Three hybrid types were obtained from the two hybridization methods: F1 THM(UFU-QB-040D x UFU-QB-107G), F1 IHM(UFU-QB-107G x UFU-QB-040D) and F1 IHM(UFU-QB-040D x UFU-QB-107G). The resulting hybrid seeds and their parents were evaluated via an experiment set up in a randomized block design with four repetitions. We evaluated fruit production per plant, fruits per plant, number of branchess per plant, superiority of hybrids relative to parents (h) and heterosis (%). At the end of the cycle, morphological characterizations was done of the leaves (pubescence, length and width) and fruit (length, diameter and shape). Heterosis resulting from the incomplete emasculation followed by natural insect pollination was similar to that from the traditional hybrid method, being a viable alternative for the production of hybrid okra seeds without losses in heterosis.
Highlights
Altos valores de heterose podem ser obtidos utilizando sementes híbridas de quiabo
Some studies show that gametocides can induce male sterility (Deepak et al, 2007), which would reduce the cost of producing hybrid okra seeds and eliminate the need to emasculate and protect flowers
The objective of this study was to evaluate an experimental methodology of hybridization for production of hybrid seeds of okra
Summary
Altos valores de heterose podem ser obtidos utilizando sementes híbridas de quiabo. Apesar dos altos valores heteróticos há grande dificuldade para produzir sementes híbridas de quiabo. Pode-se concluir que, utilizando a emasculação incompleta com polinização entomófila para produção de sementes híbridas de quiabo, foram obtidos valores similares de heterose quando comparado com a hibridação pelo método tradicional, indicando uma nova alternativa de produção de sementes híbridas de quiabo sem qualquer prejuízo no efeito heterótico dos híbridos. Okra is considered 100% self-pollinated (Malerbo-Souza et al, 2001) with high outcrossing rates that vary from 18.75% (Purewal & Rhandhawa, 1947) to as much as 42.2% (Mitidieri & Vencovsky, 1974), provided by frequent visits from insects, especially Apis melífera (Mitidieri & Vencovsky, 1974; Malerbo-Souza et al, 2001) This dynamic reproductive behavior means that female flowers need to be protected immediately after emasculation to avoid contamination. The objective of this study was to evaluate an experimental methodology of hybridization for production of hybrid seeds of okra
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