Heteroplasmic and homoplasmic states of mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA regions in progenies of distant common wheat hybrids of different origins

Abstract

The states of 18S/5S mitochondrial (mt) repeat and some chloroplast (cp) DNA regions have been investigated in alloplasmic lines of common wheat carrying cytoplasm of the barley species Hordeum marinum subsp. gussoneanum Hudson and H. vulgare L. and in the progenies of the reciprocal hybrids between Triticum aestivum L. and Secale cereale L. The heteroplasmic state of the 18/5S mt repeat, which was a result of a biparental mtDNA transmission, has been observed in rye × wheat hybrids and in their progeny carrying rye cytoplasm. For the first time, the heteroplasmic state of cpDNA associated with the heteroplasmy of 18S/5S mt repeat has been detected in cereals with the use of alloplasmic wheat lines. The transition of mt- and cpDNA heteroplasmy and barley cpDNA homoplasmy to wheat homoplasmy is associated with complete restoration of fertility and elimination of the barley chromosome from the newly developing nuclear wheat genome of alloplasmic lines.