Abstract
BackgroundThis study evaluated the effectiveness of treating pseudarthrosis in rats by using bone marrow cell suspensions or cultures of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cellsMethodsThirty-eight specific pathogen-free (SPF) animals were randomly assigned to four groups: Group 1, Control, without surgical intervention; Group 2 (Placebo), experimental model of femoral pseudarthrosis treated only with saline solution; Group 3, experimental model of femoral pseudarthrosis treated with heterologous bone marrow cells suspension; Group 4, experimental model of femoral pseudarthrosis treated with cultures of heterologous mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow. When pseudarthrosis was confirmed by simple radiological studies, digital radiography and histopathology after a 120-day postoperative period, Groups 2, 3 and 4 were treated as above. At 30, 60 and 90 days after the treatment, all animals were evaluated by simple radiological studies, and at the end of the experiment, the animals were assessed by computed axial tomography and anatomopathological and histomorphometric examinations.ResultsInjected cells were detected in the areas affected by pseudarthrosis using scintigraphy within the first 24 hours after their administration. After 60 days, the animals of Group 3 showed callus formation while the animals of Group 4 presented periosteal reaction and had some consolidated areas. In contrast, Group 2 showed a predominance of fibro-osteoid tissue. After 90 days, bone consolidation and remodeling was observed in all animals from Group 3 whereas animals from Group 4 exhibited partial consolidation and those ones from Group 2 persisted with pseudarthrosis.ConclusionThe treatment with heterologous bone marrow cells suspension proved to be effective in the treatment of pseudarthrosis whereas cultures of heterologous bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells did not show the same potential to aid bone healing.
Highlights
This study evaluated the effectiveness of treating pseudarthrosis in rats by using bone marrow cell suspensions or cultures of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells
The current study evaluated the efficacy of heterologous bone marrow cells suspension and cultures of heterologous bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of hypertrophic pseudarthrosis considering that both types of cells have the ability to generate a new bone after in vivo transplantation
Group 2 (Placebo), in which pseudarthrosis was treated with saline solution; Group 3, in which pseudarthrosis was treated with heterologous bone marrow cell suspension; and Group 4, in which pseudarthrosis was treated with cultures of heterologous bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells
Summary
This study evaluated the effectiveness of treating pseudarthrosis in rats by using bone marrow cell suspensions or cultures of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. The lack of union of fractured bone surfaces in such circumstances results from the presence of fibrocartilage or fibrous tissues between the bone extremities [1]. The bone consolidation process requires growth factors, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cytokines [2]. Among the various types of bone marrow cells, adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have sparked interest. Their multipotentiality and the techniques available for their isolation and in vitro expansion have validated the use of these cells as a therapeutic alternative with a broad spectrum of applications in cases of bone fractures and chronic bone lesions [6,7]
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