Abstract
Growing demands for energy and limitation of fossil fuels have promoted research on biofuels, in particular, on bioethanol. S. cerevisiae may be a very economical system to achieve higher ethanol concentrations. For that, the improvement of yield and efficiency of ethanol production is necessary, which is influenced by various factors. cAMP, a primary cell cycle regulator, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of carbon metabolism, cell growth, cell size, cell cycle, and stress responses. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) degrade cAMP. In order to provide the basis for improved ethanol production in yeast, we attempted to determine if regulation of cell cycle is related to the control of ethanol production. We heterologously expressed several isoforms of human PDE3A (full‐length and several truncated variants) in yeast and confirmed their catalytic activities. All truncated variants decreased cell growth rate, whereas full‐length hPDE3A accelerated it and increased ethanol yield. Although the cell size decreased in cells expressing full‐length hPDE3A, total dry cell mass was greatly increased. These indicate that PDE3A, which regulates cell cycle progression in oocytes and cultured vascular smooth muscle cells, accelerates cell growth rate in yeast, which results in increased biomass accompanied by higher ethanol production. Research support provided by NHLBI.
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