Abstract
BackgroundRemoval of non-cellulosic impurities from cotton fabric, known as scouring, by conventional alkaline treatment causes environmental problems and reduces physical strength of fabrics. In this study, an endo-polygalacturonase (EndoPG) from Aspergillus aculeatus produced in Pichia pastoris was evaluated for its efficiency as a bioscouring agent while most current bioscouring process has been performed using crude pectinase preparation.ResultsThe recombinant EndoPG exhibited a specific activity of 1892.08 U/mg on citrus pectin under the optimal condition at 50 °C, pH 5.0 with a Vmax and Km of 65,451.35 μmol/min/mL and 15.14 mg/mL, respectively. A maximal activity of 2408.70 ± 26.50 U/mL in the culture supernatant was obtained by high cell density batch fermentation, equivalent to a 4.8 times greater yield than that from shake-flask culture. The recombinant enzyme was shown to be suitable for application as a bioscouring agent, in which the wettability of cotton fabric was increased by treatment with enzyme at 300 U/mL scouring solution at 40 °C, pH 5.0 for 1 h. The bio-scoured fabric has comparable wettability to that obtained by conventional chemical scouring, but has higher tensile strength.ConclusionThe work has demonstrated for the first time functions of A. aculeatus EndoPG on bioscouring in eco-textile processing. EndoPG alone was shown to possess effective scouring activity. High expression level and homogeneity could be achieved in bench-scale bioreactor.
Highlights
Removal of non-cellulosic impurities from cotton fabric, known as scouring, by conventional alkaline treatment causes environmental problems and reduces physical strength of fabrics
Strains, culturing conditions, genes, and primers The endo-polygalacturonase gene, encoding the mature endo-polygalacturonase (EndoPG) without a signal peptide was synthesized based on the coding sequence of A. aculeatus ATCC16872
Expression of A. aculeatus EndoPG In this study, mature A. aculeatus EndoPG was expressed in P. pastoris KM71 in a secreted form
Summary
Removal of non-cellulosic impurities from cotton fabric, known as scouring, by conventional alkaline treatment causes environmental problems and reduces physical strength of fabrics. Pectin is a major non-cellulosic impurity present in the cuticle and primary cell wall of cotton It acts as a cementing material for the cellulosic network and as a hydrating agent that controls the movement of water and plant fluids [1], Conventionally, pectin and other waxy substances in cotton fabrics are removed by boiling alkali treatment in a process known as scouring. This process makes the fabric more hydrophilic and more accessible for Abdulrachman et al BMC Biotechnology (2017) 17:15 subsequent textile processing. The breakdown of pectin loosens linkages between the cuticle and the cellulose body leading to increased absorbency of the fabric
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