Abstract
AbstractThis work deals with the degradation of non-biodegradable azo-dye (Evans blue) by the heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like process using copper pyrovanadate (Cu2V2O7) and chromium tetravanadate (Cr2V4O13) as catalysts, which have been prepared by wet chemical method. These catalysts were characterized by different techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis. The effect of various parameters such as initial pH, concentration of dye, amount of catalyst, amount of H2O2, and light intensity on the reaction rate has also been studied. Photodegradation efficiency was found 77.78 and 79% for copper pyrovanadate (Cu2V2O7) and chromium tetravanadate (Cr2V4O13), respectively. A tentative mechanism involving ·OH radicals as an oxidant for the degradation of dye has also been proposed. The observations revealed that the rate of photo-Fenton-like degradation of dye follows pseudo-first-order kinetics.
Highlights
Azo dyes, characterized by the presence of one or more azo groups (–N=N–) bound to aromatic rings, are the largest and most important class of synthetic organic dyes
In the present study, we focused on the optimization of the degradation of an azo dye i.e. Evans blue, using copper pyrovanadate (Cu2V2O7) and chromium tetravanadate (Cr2V4O13) as heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like catalysts
Band gap of both the compounds were found to be 2.17 and 2.76 eV for Cu2V2O7 and Cr2V4O13, respectively. Both the catalysts were found effective in visible range, but the reaction rate was higher for chromium tetravanadate than copper pyrovanadate
Summary
Azo dyes, characterized by the presence of one or more azo groups (–N=N–) bound to aromatic rings, are the largest and most important class of synthetic organic dyes. Evan’s blue, (Figure 1) is an azo dye, which has a very high affinity for serum albumin Due to this fact, it is useful in physiology for estimating the proportion of body water contained in blood plasma. Some researchers have reported different ions loaded pillared bentonite as heterogeneous catalyst for photo-Fenton-like oxidation of textile organic pollutants (Chanderia, Kumar, Sharma, Ameta, & Punjabi, 2012; Ya-Ping, Cheng-Guang, Ran, Feng, & Guang-Nan, 2014). Copper pyrovanadate (Cu2V2O7) and chromium tetravanadate (Cr2V4O13) have not been used as heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like catalyst. In the present study, we focused on the optimization of the degradation of an azo dye i.e. Evans blue, using copper pyrovanadate (Cu2V2O7) and chromium tetravanadate (Cr2V4O13) as heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like catalysts
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