Abstract
Iron-nickel supported on modified active carbon (Fe-Ni/MAC) was prepared and characterized by XRD, SEM, XPS and EDS, followed by evaluating the practicability of Fe-Ni/MAC in treating real wastewater with a high concentration of phenol. Results showed that the optimal conditions for catalytic ozonation obtained by response surface methodology (RSM) were catalyst 10 g/L, ozone 68 mg/L, pH 9 and reaction time 90 min. Fe-Ni alloy and NiFe2O4 were demonstrated to be the dominant active species involved in catalytic reaction. The Fe-Ni/MAC catalyst can be reused six times with a satisfactory performance and little leaching of metal ions. Although some radicals like ·OH and ·O2− functioned well, singlet oxygen (1O2) was regarded as the most important radical in the Fe-Ni/MAC process. Most noticeably, the fluorescence excitation emission matrices (EEMs) certified that as much as 1243 mg/L phenol in the real wastewater was completely degraded, which made Fe-Ni/MAC a fairly practical catalyst.
Highlights
Phenol and phenolic compounds have been found in a variety of industrial wastewaters, such as those from petroleum refining, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, plastic and pesticide chemical industries [1]
The calcined temperature, Fe/Ni and calcined time were optimized through response surface methodology (RSM) based on a
Fe-Ni/modified active carbon (MAC) was synthesized by the co-precipitation method
Summary
Phenol and phenolic compounds have been found in a variety of industrial wastewaters, such as those from petroleum refining, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, plastic and pesticide chemical industries [1] These pollutants are hazardous to the environment and harmful for human health, even at low concentrations [2], they have been listed on the priority list of EPA (Environment Protection Agency) since 1976 [3]. In consideration of their strong toxicity, they must be processed prior to discharge into receiving waters. These disadvantages, could be overcome by using heterogeneous catalysts since they are recoverable and reusable [7], and heterogeneous catalytic ozonation has been used extensively to remove phenol and its derivatives from wastewater, including ZnAl2 O4 as a novel high surface area ozonation catalyst [8], Mn–Co–Fe exhibited the highest catalytic activity and stability for the mineralization of p-nitrophenol [9], magnetic carbonaceous nanocomposites were applied for the Catalysts 2020, 10, 1123; doi:10.3390/catal10101123 www.mdpi.com/journal/catalysts
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
