Heterodera avenae GLAND5 Effector Interacts With Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Subunit of Plant to Promote Nematode Parasitism.

Shanshan Yang,Qian Liu,Yongpan Chen,Dan Yang,Heng Jian,Lingling Pan

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01241

Shanshan Yang, Qian Liu + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01241

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Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology	Publication Date: Jun 4, 2019
Citations: 20	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: China Agricultural University

Abstract

Heterodera avenae mainly infects cereal crops and causes severe economic losses. Many studies have shown that parasitic nematodes can secrete effector proteins to suppress plant immune responses and then promote parasitism. In this study, we showed that HaGland5, a novel effector of H. avenae, was exclusively expressed in dorsal esophageal gland cell of nematode, and up-regulated in the early parasitic stage. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana lines expressing HaGland5 were significantly more susceptible to H. schachtii than wild-type control plants. Conversely, silencing of HaGland5 through barley stripe mosaic virus-medicated host-induced gene silencing technique substantially reduced the infection of H. avenae in wheat. Moreover, HaGland5 could suppress the plant defense responses, including the repression of plant defense-related genes, reducing deposition of cell wall callose and the burst of reactive oxygen species. Mass spectrometry, co-immunoprecipitation, and firefly luciferase complementation imaging assays confirmed that HaGland5 interacted specifically with Arabidopsis pyruvate dehydrogenase subunit (AtEMB3003).

Highlights

The cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera avenae, can infect wheat, barley, and oat crops in most cereal-growing regions of the world, it is an economically important nematode (Bonfil et al, 2004)
We identified a new effector HaGland5 belonging to G16B09 family from H. avenae, which owned all the characteristic of this family
Surface-sterilized Arabidopsis thaliana was sown on Murashige and Skoog solidified (MS) medium under sterile condition, the seedlings were transplanted into potting soil in a growth chamber with 16 h light/8 h dark cycle at 23◦C

Summary

Introduction

The cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera avenae, can infect wheat, barley, and oat crops in most cereal-growing regions of the world, it is an economically important nematode (Bonfil et al, 2004). Arabidopsis seedlings Col-0 and homozygous T3 transgenic plants either expressing HaGland5 or HsGland5 were cultivated on the 1/2-MS medium for 8 days, and treated with 1 μM of flg22 or distilled water (negative control) for 72 h.

Results

Conclusion