Abstract
Cyclic organic compounds with several ether linkages in their structure are of much concern in our daily life applications. Crown ethers (CEs) are generally heterocyclic and extremely versatile compounds exhibiting higher binding affinity. In recent years, due to their unique structure, crown ethers are widely used in drug delivery, solvent extraction, cosmetics manufacturing, material studies, catalysis, separation, and organic synthesis. Beyond their conventional place in chemistry, this review article summarizes the synthesis, biological, and potential pharmacological activities of CEs. We have emphasized the prospects of CEs as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal agents and have explored their amyloid genesis inhibitory activity, electrochemical, and potential metric sensing properties. The central feature of these compounds is their ability to form selective and stable complexes with various organic and inorganic cations. Therefore, CEs can be used in gas chromatography as the stationary phase and are also valuable for cation chromatographic to determine and separate alkali and alkaline-earth cations.
Highlights
Crown ethers (CEs) are macrocyclic polyethers and have three to twenty oxygen atoms alienated by two or more carbon atoms
The Schiff bases containing bis-benzo-15-crown-5 and their sodium derivatives were examined using a well diffusion method against bacterial strains; Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysenteria type 2, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi H, Staphylococcus epidermis, Brucella abortus, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus cereus, and Pseudomonas putida while choosing DMF as a control
The crown crown ethers, ethers, their their complexes complexes of of sodium sodium moieties moieties along along with with their their alkali alkali metal metal complexes, and other crown ether derivatives were investigated against fungal strain complexes, and other crown ether derivatives were investigated against fungal strain CanCandida albicans, revealed moderate significantantifungal antifungalactivity activity when when compared compared with dida albicans, revealed moderate totosignificant with positive controls
Summary
Crown ethers (CEs) are macrocyclic polyethers and have three to twenty oxygen atoms alienated by two or more carbon atoms. Ethyleneoxy moiety (CH2CH2O-) is a crucial repeated unit of simple crown ether: repeated twice in dioxane and six times in 18-crown-6 [4] These can be and possess a hydrophobic ringring sursurrounding a hydrophilic cavity, enabling them to form stable complexes metal rounding a hydrophilic cavity, enabling them to form stable complexes withwith metal ions ions contributing to host-guest chemistry discovery, an and and contributing to host-guest chemistry [1,5].[1,5]. Thebinding bindingability abilityof ofcrown crown ethers ethers either either with with organic organic molecules search applications molecules or ions depends on their cavity size They can carry different ions in a non-aqueous solvent. They can carry different ions in a non-aqueous solCrown ether ether acting as a as phase transfer catalyst.
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