Abstract
Abstract We evaluated domesticated Capsicum pepper species from Brazil using classical and molecular cytogenetic techniques, and describe here for the first time their immunostaining patterns using anti-H4K5ac and anti-H3S10ph antibodies. All accessions showed 2n = 24 chromosomes with metacentric and submetacentric morphologies. CMA3 patterns ranged from four terminal bands in most accessions to 18 variable CMA++/DAPI- and CMA+/DAPI0 bands. Anti-H4K5ac signals were detected in the decondensed terminal euchromatin of most chromosome arms, indicating gene-rich open chromatin regions. Anti-H3S10ph signals were restricted to pericentromeric regions and were associated with sister chromatid cohesions and/or the condensation of all mitotic chromosomes. These karyological analyses constitute valuable diagnostic tools for identifying cultivated peppers, will be important to Capsicum breeding programs and will provide additional cytogenetic features that can be used for the conservation of capsicum genetic resources.
Highlights
Understanding the genomic organization and chromosomal evolution of socioeconomically important crops is essential to characterizing their genetic diversity, and represents an important initial step in plant breeding programs (Scaldaferro et al 2013)
In light of the need to provide more cytogenetic information concerning the genomic structures of peppers to aid breeding programs, we characterized accessions from the Capsicum Germplasm Active Bank at the Federal University of Piauí (BAGC-UFPI) using Giemsa staining, CMA/DAPI banding techniques and, for first time, immunostaining techniques using anti-H4K5ac and H3S10ph antibodies
Conventional staining allowed a detailed description of the interphase nuclei, prophase condensation patterns, chromosome numbers, as well as chromosome morphologies and sizes (Figure 1, Table 1)
Summary
Understanding the genomic organization and chromosomal evolution of socioeconomically important crops is essential to characterizing their genetic diversity, and represents an important initial step in plant breeding programs (Scaldaferro et al 2013). In light of the need to provide more cytogenetic information concerning the genomic structures of peppers to aid breeding programs, we characterized accessions from the Capsicum Germplasm Active Bank at the Federal University of Piauí (BAGC-UFPI) using Giemsa staining, CMA/DAPI banding techniques and, for first time, immunostaining techniques using anti-H4K5ac and H3S10ph antibodies.
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