Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is één van de meest voorkomende endocriene aandoeningen bij de hond. De diagnose kan vrij eenvoudig gesteld worden, maar de behandeling en voornamelijk het toepassen van een gepaste opvolging vormen een uitdaging. Het goed monitoren is belangrijk om complicaties, zoals hypoglycemie, gewichtsverlies, diabetes ketoacidose en urineweginfecties, te vermijden. Er bestaan verschillende methoden om een diabetespatiënt op te volgen: anamnese en lichamelijk onderzoek, éénmalige glucosebepaling, glucosedagcurves, fructosaminebepaling, geglyceerd hemoglobine, continuë glucosemetingen en glucosurie. De kunst is om aan de hand van een combinatie van deze technieken een goed beeld te krijgen van de glycemische status van de patiënt.
Highlights
With a prevalence of 0.32% to 0.64%, diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorders in middle aged dogs, with a predisposition for female dogs (Guptill et al, 2003; Rand et al, 2004; Davison et al, 2005; Fall et al, 2007).The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in the dog is relatively easy and based on three findings: typical clinical signs, and persistent fasting hyperglycemia and glycosuria (Plotnick and Greco, 1995a; Fleeman and Rand, 2001)
The combination of persisting fasting hyperglycemia and glycosuria is essential for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus
This review only describes the monitoring of patients with non-ketoacidotic diabetes mellitus
Summary
With a prevalence of 0.32% to 0.64%, diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorders in middle aged dogs, with a predisposition for female dogs (Guptill et al, 2003; Rand et al, 2004; Davison et al, 2005; Fall et al, 2007). The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in the dog is relatively easy and based on three findings: typical clinical signs (polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss, polyphagia), and persistent fasting hyperglycemia and glycosuria (Plotnick and Greco, 1995a; Fleeman and Rand, 2001). The combination of persisting fasting hyperglycemia and glycosuria is essential for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The goal is to eliminate the owner-observed clinical signs, provide a good quality of life and prevent complications such as hypoglycemia (Miller, 1995; Fleeman and Rand, 2001; Feldman and Nelson, 2004). It is important to have an adequate insulin dosage and an appropriate monitoring to fine-tune the therapy (Feldman and Nelson, 2004; Reusch, 2009). This review only describes the monitoring of patients with non-ketoacidotic diabetes mellitus
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