Abstract
Laboratory tests showed that significantly more pressure is required to destroy Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), puparia with a volume of ≥4.0 mm3 than puparia with a volume of ≤3.4mm3. About 0.21 kg/cm2 of pressure destroyed all puparia. Compression of hay in commercial compressors with 42 or 72 kg/cm2 of pressure caused significant reductions in survival of Hessian fly puparia to the adult stage compared with the controls in standard bales of timothy, Phleum pratense; alfalfa, Medicago sativa; oat, Avena sativa; Sudan grass, Sorghum bicolor sudanensis; Bermuda grass, Cynodon dactylon hays; and rye straw, Secale cereale . Mortality ranged from 75.1 to 95.4% and was significantly increased by 72 versus 42 kg/cm2 of pressure on the bales. Compression with 42 or 72 kg/cm2 of pressure showed the same level of control in the four comers and middle positions of the front, middle, and back sections of the bale except that fewer insects survived to the adult stage in the middle position of the bale when compressed with 72 kg/cm2 of pressure. Compression of hay has potential as a single quarantine treatment for hay exported to Japan.
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