Abstract
Herod, Jews, and His Opponents. The reputation of the Jewish King Herod is closely linked to the legend of the massacre of the infants of Bethlehem from the Gospel of Matthew and to the hatred that Josephus Flavius says his own Jewish subjects had for him. In contrast to this tradition, this article, following contemporary Herodian scholarship, demonstrates that Herod was a good king to his subjects, who helped the Jews both within his kingdom and throughout the Roman Empire, and did much to make them visible and to protect them. It also argues that some of the negative texts about Herod, both from his reign and shortly after, should be read not as impartial historical judgments but as political propaganda by his political and religious opponents among the social elites.
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