Hernias de la incisión de asistencia tras resección colorrectal laparoscópica. Influencia de la localización de la incisión y del uso de una malla profiláctica

Abstract

ObjectivesTo determine the incidence of incisional hernia (IH) in the extraction incision (EI) in colorectal resection for cancer. To analyze whether the location of the incision has any relationship with the incidence of hernias and whether mesh could be useful for prevention in high-risk patients. MethodsRetrospective review of the colon and rectal surgery database from January 2015 to December 2016. Data were classified into 2groups, transverse (TI) and midline incision (MI), and the latter was divided into 2subgroups (mesh [MIM] and suture [MIS]). Patients were classified using the HERNIAscore. Hernias were diagnosed by clinical and/or CT examination. ResultsA total of 182 out of 210 surgical patients were included. After a median follow-up of 13.0 months, 39 IH (21.9%) were detected, 23 of which (13.4%) were in the EI; their frequency was lower in the TI group (3.4%) and in the MIM group (5.9%) than in the MIS group (29.5%; p=0.007). The probability of developing IH in the MIS group showed an OR=11.7 (95%CI: 3.3-42.0) compared to the TI group and 4.3 (IC 95%: 1.1-16.3) versus the MIM group. ConclusionsThe location of the incision is relevant to avoid incisional hernias. Transverse incisions should be used as the first option. When a midline incision is needed, a prophylactic mesh could be considered in high risk patients because it is safe and associated with low morbidity.