Abstract
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a severe congenital birth defect, which is commonly associated with genetic abnormalities and malformations in other systems. Once the diagnosis is made, there should be a thorough evaluation to confirm that the malformation is isolated, as well as an assessment of prognostic factors, essentially lung size and liver herniation. With these parameters an individualized and relatively accurate prognosis can be offered to parents. Management options include termination of pregnancy, conservative prenatal management and post-natal treatment, or fetal therapy. Fetal therapy consists of fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion (FETO) and is offered in a small number of centers worldwide. Available evidence suggests that prenatal treatment might increase the chances of survival by 35-40% compared with baseline survival. Several randomized trials are now underway to assess the impact of therapy on very severe and moderate cases of CDH.
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