Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia presented with multiple brain abscesses and renal abscess in a Chinese patient: A case report

Abstract

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), or Osler–Weber–Rendu syndrome, is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by recurrent epistaxis, multiple telangiectasia and visceral vascular malformations. Brain abscess is a common presentation secondary to pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in HHT patients. The prevalence of HHT in the Chinese population is not known, and is not commonly report. Here, we report on a Chinese patient who suffered from HHT and presented with multiple brain abscesses and a renal abscess. Upon further investigation of the patient's medical history and a physical examination, it was found that he had recurrent epistaxis and telangiectasia over his tongue, as well as fingers. Subsequent examination found pulmonary and hepatic AVM. He had a fair recovery after treatment of brain abscesses and pulmonary AVM. We believe HHT is underreported in the Chinese population. Simple history taking and physical examination in patients with a brain abscess can aid diagnosis and prevent complications with prophylactic treatment.