Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis: A Review and a Report of a Rare Case

Hossein Aghili,Mahdjoube Goldani Moghadam

doi:10.1155/2013/930972

Abstract

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare condition which manifests itself by an enlarged gingival tissue covering teeth to various extents. The condition may occur isolated or as part of a syndrome. This paper presents a case of 9-year-old female patient suffering from HGF with chief complaint of mouth protrusion. Cephalometric findings showed severe mandibular deficiency and vertical maxillary excess. Patient exhibited perioral muscle contraction on mouth closing. After discussing the treatment possibilities with the patient and her parents, the decision was made to wait until growth potential decreases (following the adolescent growth spurt) and to correct the problem with orthognathic surgery.

Highlights

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare condition with the prevalence of one per 175000 population and equal distribution in sexes [1]
A case of nonsyndromic HGF with skeletal jaw discrepancy is presented in this paper
A 9-year-old female patient visited the department of orthodontics complaining of mouth protrusion (Figure 1) and enlargement of gingival tissues

Summary

Introduction

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare condition with the prevalence of one per 175000 population and equal distribution in sexes [1]. The excessive growth of gingival tissue may cause displacement of teeth, overretention of primary teeth, and spacing [2]. Both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive modes of inheritance have been reported [3,4,5]. Examples of syndromic GF are Zimmerman-Laband syndrome (GF, hypoplastic distal phalanges, hepatosplenomegaly, epilepsy, hypertrichosis, and mental retardation), Jones syndrome (GF and progressive neural deafness), Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (GF, hemihypertrophy, Nevus flammeus, hemangioma, hypertlorism, and macrocephaly), Ramon syndrome (GF, hypertrichosis, mental retardation, epilepsy, rheumatoid arthritis, and diabetes mellitus), Rutherfurd syndrome (GF, unerupted teeth, corneal dystrophy, and mental retardation), and Cross syndrome (GF, nanophthalmos, microcornea, and severe mental retardation) [6]. A case of nonsyndromic HGF with skeletal jaw discrepancy is presented in this paper

Case Presentation

Discussion

Conclusion