Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for approximately 15 % of all CRC cancers. The major subgroups of hereditary CRC are a) familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), b) Lynch syndrome (also known as hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer syndrome (HNPCC) and c) Lynch-like syndrome. Multiple and complex definitions of the Lynch and Lynch-like syndrome have led to uncertainties within non-specialists. Therefore established knowledge is not used in clinical routine. METHODS: Review of literature. RESULTS: Assessment of the patient's family history and the genetic disposition of index patients permit custom-tailored screening for those affected by the disease. We provide simple guidelines for detection and surveillance of familiar CRC for Austria. CONCLUSIONS: A simple and clear concept should facilitate acceptance of guidelines within the medical community. The widespread use of appropriate surveillance/therapeutic programs for individuals at risk will allow prevention of cancer or detection of the disease at an early stage.
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