Abstract
Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is an interesting alternativefor biomass and ethanol production, however, so far there is very limited knowledge regarding selective herbicide options for weed control in this crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the selectivity of preemergence herbicides for sweet sorghum. This research was composed by two steps: in the first one, a greenhouse screening was carried out with several herbicide treatments and in the following step the most selective treatments were evaluated on field conditions. In sandy clay loam texture soil, the treatments involving atrazine (1000 and 2000 g ha-1), amicarbazone (210 g ha-1), trifluralin (500 g ha-1) and flumioxazin (25 g ha-1) provided the greatest levels of selectivity to sweet sorghum. In clay soil (64.7% clay), the treatments with atrazine (1000, 1500 and 2000 g ha-1), amicarbazone (280 g ha-1), S-metolachlor (480 g ha-1), [atrazine + S-metolachlor] ([601+471,2 g ha-1), pendimethalin (500 g ha-1) and imazethapyr (42.4 and 63.6 g ha-1) provided the lowest levels of crop injury, and were considered as the most selective for sweet sorghum. Herbicide treatments applied to sandy clay loam soil provided more injuries to sweet sorghum than those applied to clay soil.
Highlights
Resumo - O sorgo sacarino (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) é uma alternativa interessante para produção de biomassa e de etanol, no entanto, ainda existem informações limitadas quanto às opções de herbicidas para controle de plantas daninhas na cultura
Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) has been shown to be an excellent alternative for biomass and ethanol production, as it presents agronomic characteristics that are adapted to the needs of this industry sector, optimizing industrial production plants, since it can be used in the off-season of sugarcane and due to its fully mechanized implantation and harvesting (Albuquerque et al, 2012; Solano et al, 2017)
In the treatments with clomazone, there was no significant difference between doses, even when the sorghum seeds were treated with Permit Star, and all of them presented strong chlorosis (Table 1)
Summary
Resumo - O sorgo sacarino (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) é uma alternativa interessante para produção de biomassa e de etanol, no entanto, ainda existem informações limitadas quanto às opções de herbicidas para controle de plantas daninhas na cultura. No solo de textura franco-argilo-arenosa (21% de argila), os tratamentos atrazine (1000 e 2000 g ha-1), amicarbazone (210 g ha-1), trifluralin (500 g ha-1) e flumioxazin (25 g ha-1) apresentaram maior seletividade para o sorgo sacarino. Sorghum is cultivated on more than 30 million hectares a year worldwide Even so, it is considered in Brazil as a marginal crop, and, in most cases, is planted in inadequate soil and/or seasons and with little investment, even though it is very responsive to fertilization (Ribas, 2014). Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) has been shown to be an excellent alternative for biomass and ethanol production, as it presents agronomic characteristics that are adapted to the needs of this industry sector, optimizing industrial production plants, since it can be used in the off-season of sugarcane and due to its fully mechanized implantation and harvesting (Albuquerque et al, 2012; Solano et al, 2017). There is no information on the selectivity of herbicides for sweet sorghum in soils of different textures
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