Herbicide-Resistant Invasive Plant Species Ludwigia decurrens Walter.

Denny Kurniadie,Uum Umiyati,Ryan Widianto,Ceppy Nasahi,Hisashi Kato-Noguchi,Dedi Widayat

doi:10.3390/plants10091973

Denny Kurniadie, Uum Umiyati + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10091973

Copy DOI

Abstract

Ludwigia decurrens Walter is a dicotyledonous plant belonging to the family Onagraceae. It is native to Central Eastern USA but has been spreading quickly and has naturalized in aquatic and riparian ecosystems (including rice paddy fields) in many countries; therefore, it is now considered an invasive noxious weed. L. decurrens is highly competitive with rice and causes a significant reduction in rice production. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of the herbicide penoxsulam for the control of L. decurrens in rice fields. The seeds of L. decurrens were collected from four villages in Indonesia, and penoxsulam was applied to L. decurrens in seven dosages (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 g a.i. ha−1) 3 weeks after seed sowing. The plant populations from Hegarmanah, Jatisari, and Joho showed complete mortality at the recommended dosage of penoxsulam (10 g a.i. ha−1). However, the plants from Demakan grew, flowered, and produced seeds 56 days after treatment with 40 g a.i. ha−1 of penoxsulam. The resistance index value of the population was 36.06. This is the first report of a penoxsulam-resistant weed from a dicotyledonous plant species and also the first report of a herbicide-resistant population of L. decurrens. The appearance of herbicide-resistant L. decurrens is a serious issue from both an environmental and an economic perspective, especially since protected forest and freshwater ecosystems are located at a short distance from the study area. Further research is needed to evaluate herbicide mixtures and/or the rotation of herbicide action sites. The identification of the penoxsulam-resistance mechanism in L. decurrens is also necessary to develop a herbicide resistance management strategy.

Highlights

Ludwigia decurrens Walter, belonging to the Onagraceae family, is a synonym of Jussiaea decurrens Walter D.C
Pots (20 cm in diameter) were filled with paddy soil after sterilization using an autoclave at 120 ◦ C and 15 Psi for 2 h so that only L. decurrens seeds were allowed to germinate and grow
The recommended dosage of penoxsulam (10 g a.i. ha−1 ) controlled 100% of L. decurrens populations obtained from Hegarmanah, Jatisari, and Joho villages

Summary

Introduction

Ludwigia decurrens Walter, belonging to the Onagraceae family, is a synonym of Jussiaea decurrens Walter D.C. Ludwigia decurrens Walter, belonging to the Onagraceae family, is a synonym of Jussiaea decurrens Walter D.C It is an annual or woody perennial herb that stands upright reaching 2 m of height, with alternate branches. The leaves are opposite, narrowly elliptical, 4–12 cm long, and 1–3 cm wide. A single flower with four bright yellow petals is produced in the upper leaf axis. A seed capsule develops immediately below the flower and contains up to 1000 seeds per capsule [1,2,3]. It has adapted to these aquatic habitats through the development of rhizomes with aerenchyma [5]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion