Abstract
Abstract In order to fully understand biological diversity of plants, it is necessary to study their genetic and metabolic-functional aspects. However, it is also necessary to identify with utmost precision the kind of organism under study, to allow the reproducibility of experimental results. Within this context, a major role is played by Botanic Gardens and Herbaria, where the investigated specimens are cultivated and kept as exsiccata, respectively, as a memory of plant diversity. After pointing out the role of herbaria in reference to the typologic concept of species, the author mentions the recent advances made possible by PCR techniques and RAPD markers in the analysis of the species and of the evolutionary relationships amongst allied taxa. Systematics, as study of diversity, is a modern and fascinating science.
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