Abstract
Summary The Polish botanical literature of the Renaissance, comprising herbals and catalogues of plants published in Polish and in Latin, is hardly known outside Poland. Publication of these works was connected with the rise of science at the University of Cracow (Kraków) founded in 1364. Between 1534 and 1613, three herbals came from the Cracow presses: O Ziołach i mocy Ich (On herbs and their power) by Stefan Falimirz (1st edition, 1534), Herbarz Polski (The Polish Herbal) by Marcin of Urzedów (1595) and Zielnik (The Herbal) by Szymon Syreniusz(1613). Besides, lists of plants occurring in Poland (Schneeberger, 1557; Wigand, 1590; Joannicy, 1616) appeared. Polish botanical literature of the Renaissance comparable with contemporary works such as those of William Turner and John Gerard, included the first floristic records from Poland, ecological notes, information about herbal drugs and also on old Slavonic beliefs about plants. A modern study on the botanical contents of the Renaissance literature should now be undertaken, embracing determination of the plants described by the herbalist, and analysis of the beginnings of scientific botany in Poland. Interdisciplinary studies on the herbals from the point of view of the history of pharmacy, ethnology, linguistics and history of culture are also needed.
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