Herbal Plant Synthesis of Antibacterial Silver Nanoparticles by Solanum trilobatum and Its Characterization

M Vanaja,G Annadurai,K Paulkumar,C Malarkodi,G Gnanajobitha,S Rajeshkumar

doi:10.1155/2014/692461

M Vanaja, G Annadurai + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/692461

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Abstract

Green synthesis method of nanomaterials is rapidly growing in the nanotechnology field; it replaces the use of toxic chemicals and time consumption. In this present investigation we report the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using the leaf extract of medicinally valuable plant Solanum trilobatum. The influence of physical and chemical parameters on the silver nanoparticle fabrication such as incubation time, silver nitrate concentration, pH, and temperature is also studied in this present context. The green synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The SEM and TEM confirm the synthesis of spherical shape of nanocrystalline particles with the size range of 2–10 nm. FTIR reveals that the carboxyl and amine groups may be involved in the reduction of silver ions to silver nanoparticles. Antibacterial activity of synthesized silver nanoparticles was done by agar well diffusion method against different pathogenic bacteria. The green synthesized silver nanoparticles can be used in the field of medicine, due to their high antibacterial activity.

Highlights

Nanotechnology deals with the synthesis of nanoparticles with controlled size, shape, and dispersity of materials at the nanometer scale length [1, 2]
In this study we successfully demonstrated that S. trilobatum leaf extract has the ability to synthesize the nanoparticles
Elemental analysis by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) shows that strong peak at 3 keV confirms the presence of silver nanoparticles

Summary

Introduction

Nanotechnology deals with the synthesis of nanoparticles with controlled size, shape, and dispersity of materials at the nanometer scale length [1, 2]. Nanoparticles possess high surface area to volume ratio. Nanoparticles such as silver, gold, cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide, and zinc oxide play important role in various fields [3,4,5,6]. Fabrication of silver nanoparticles has drawn considerable attention due to their physical and chemical properties and application in biomedicine, antiangiogenic activity against bovine retinal endothelial cells, anticancer activity against lung carcinoma cells [7], controlling HIV infection [8], detection of bacterial pathogens [9], and good catalytic activity [10]. Silver nanoparticles are having good history in the field of antimicrobial properties. Some pathogenic microbes killed by silver nanoparticles are Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella planticola, Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp. [11, 12], S. aureus, Vibrio cholerae, Proteus vulgaris and P. aeruginosa [13], Shigella dysenteriae type I, Staphylococcus aureus, Citrobacter sp., Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Fusarium oxysporum [14]

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