Abstract
The metabolic disorders are main and increasing public-health and clinical challenge worldwide because of urbanization, excessive energy intake, increasing obesity, and sedentary life styles. According to International Diabetes Federation (IFD) diabetes is one of the major metabolic disorders and a dangerous risk factor for heart problems. Twenty five percent of the world’s adults have metabolic disorders. Recently in year 2013 the American Heart Association also reported that adults have abnormal serum lipid profile. Allopathic drugs used as hypolipidemic agents have number of unwanted effects. Herbal therapy for Hyperlipidemia is getting attention due to their less frequent side effects. In this study we have compared hypolipidemic effects of Fenofibrate 40 mg with Nigella sativa. Seventy five hyperlipidemic patients from National Hospital Lahore were enrolled for study. Consent was taken from all enrolled participants and were divided in three equal numbers ie; twenty five in each group. Group 1 was on Nigella sativa, group 2 was on Gemfibrozil and third group was on placebo therapy. They were advised to take drugs for two months. After completion of study pretreatment and post treatment values of LDL cholesterol were analyzed statistically. In 25 patients who were on Nigella sativa, their LDL cholesterol decreased from 191.14±3.45 to 159.40±2.98 mg/dl. 31.7 mg/dl LDL reduction was observed when compared with placebo group. In 25 patients who were on Fenofibrate 40 mg, their LDL cholesterol decreased from 197.77±3.91 mg/dl to 159.62±2.20 mg/dl. LDL reduction in this group was 38.2 mg/dl. These changes are highly significant with p-values of <0.001. We concluded from this study that hypolipidemic characteristic of Nigella sativa is comparable and therapeutically as effective as traditionally used hypolipidemic medication Fenofibrate.
Highlights
Persons with metabolic syndrome (MS) are twice as likely to die from, and thrice as likely to have a heart attack or stroke as compared with others
When results were compiled and statistically analyzed, it was observed that Nigella sativa and Fenofibrate 40 mg decreased LDL-cholesterol significantly
Duverger A et al [18] explained labeled as hypolipidemic therapeutic agent but little research work is done on comparison of its hypolipidemic potential with allopathy related hypolipidemic medicines
Summary
Persons with metabolic syndrome (MS) are twice as likely to die from, and thrice as likely to have a heart attack or stroke as compared with others. If there is abundance of low density lipoprotein particles in plasma, there are chances of risk to develop CAD (coronary artery disease) when free radicals interact with LDL particles. Atherosclerotic plaque contains calcium, cholesterol, free fatty acids, and macrophages in variable amount. These plaques are of two types ie; hard and soft. If Fenofibrate is used, there is increased synthesis of high density lipoprotein particles in plasma. In patients suffering from hyperlipidemia, Fenofibrate enhances turnover of tissue cholesterol, reducing lipoprotein particles. Apo proteins in LDL are changed by Fenofibrates leading to high affinity for the low density lipoprotein receptors to LDL particles [7, 8].
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