Abstract
Abstract The extracted oil from Nigella sativa seeds is reported to be effective against various diseases and chemicallyinduced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. The effect of oral administration of Nigella sativa total, polar and neutral oils was investigated on hepatoprotective status in streptozotocin/nicotinamide (STZ-N)-induced diabetic rats. The toxicity was assessed biochemically by monitoring aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptitase (g-GT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activities as well as biluribin titre and histologically under light microscope. The study was also undertaken to evaluate the effect of oil fractions on the regeneration of pancreatic Langerhans islets in treated diabetic rats. Biochemical analysis showed that lipid fractions from total oil of Nigella sativa seeds are not hepatotoxic. However, histological study of the liver demonstrated major and minor tissue damages with the neutral fraction exhibiting the most protective effect. At the end of the experiment period (17 days) of treatment with thymoquinone (25mg/kg bw/day) or neutral lipid fraction (100mg/kg bw/day), a positive effect on the regenerative of Langerhans islets, initially distorted by STZ, was observed. Thus, the hypoglycaemic effect of neutral lipid fraction could be a result of the regeneration of the pancreatic Langerhans islets.
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