Hepatotoxicidad en pacientes tratados con antagonistas del receptor de la endotelina: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados

Abstract

Background and objectiveWe evaluated the risk of hepatotoxicity associated to endothelin receptor antagonists. Patients and methodSystematic searches in PubMed/MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library as well as regulatory agencies websites were performed. Randomized controlled trials in patients receiving endothelin receptor antagonists (bosentan, sitaxentan or ambrisentan) in at least one treatment group were included. Prior to data extraction, definitions of hepatotoxicity were established. Effect sizes with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using random effects models. Heterogeneity was analysed using Cochran's Q and I2 tests. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's method and funnel plots were generated. ResultsTwenty-one trials met the inclusion criteria (3,644 patients). Bosentan was the evaluated drug in 1,689 (74%) patients who received endothelin receptor antagonists. Compared with controls, relative risk for any hepatic adverse reaction was 2.92 (1.85-4.62; I2=30.6%). When hepatotoxicity was defined as elevations of liver alanine or aspartate aminotransferases equal or greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal, relative risk was 2.98 (1.69-5.25; I2=40.9%). No evidence of publication bias was found (Egger's method: p=0.68). ConclusionsOur results suggest an increased risk of hepatotoxicity in patients receiving endothelin receptor antagonists. Given the limited data available for endothelin receptor antagonists other than bosentan, it is not possible to draw firm conclusions about the individual risk associated for the remaining endothelin receptor antagonists.