Abstract
Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a form of functional renal failure that develops as a consequence of portal hypertension in cirrhosis of the liver or other processes that acutely raise portal pressure, such as fulminant liver failure or severe alcoholic hepatitis. Its development is an independent risk factor for a poor post–liver transplantation outcome. This review addresses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, classification of subtypes of HRS, incidence, evaluation of the cirrhotic patient with renal insufficiency, prevention of HRS, and management. A figure shows the sequence of circulatory abnormalities in HRS, and a table lists the summary of the diagnostic criteria for HRS as established by the International Ascites Club. This review contains 1 highly rendered figure, 1 table, and 28 references.
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