Abstract
Currently, there is a need for safe, effective, and less costly antidiabetic medications, and investigating medicinal plants for new antidiabetic medication is gaining increased attention. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease associated with hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hepatocellular damage. Sarcocephalus latifolius (family Rubiaceae) has been widely explored in ethnomedicine for the treatment and management of various disorders. The biochemical, hepatoprotective, and histological effects of aqueous-ethanolic leaf extract of S. latifolius in alloxan-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Thirty (30) juvenile male Wistar rats were placed into six groups, each with five rats: Normal rats made up Group 1, while diabetic rats in Groups 2–4 were given 200, 400, and 800 mg/Kg body weight of aqueous-ethanolic leaf extract, respectively; diabetic rats in Group 5 were given a standard anti-diabetic drug (0.2 mg/kg glibenclamide), and diabetic rats in Group 6 were left untreated. When compared to control rats, Alloxan induction led to a significant elevation in plasma glucose level, liver enzymes, low density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG), but a significant decrease in high density lipoprotein (HDL). The alterations in the following parameters were returned to normal levels when the diabetic rats were administered S. latifolius extract. The results indicate that S. latifolius showed hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potentials, and may serve as a remedy for the management of diabetes.
 Keywords: Sarcocephalus latifolius, Diabetes, Albino rats, Alloxan, Liver
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