Abstract
In the present study, the hepatoprotective activity of the unsaponifiable matter (UNSAP) of olive oil, linseed, and sesame oils against CCl4-induced liver toxicity in rats was investigated. In a preliminary antioxidant study, UNSAP showed pronounced DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 6.2-10.8 mg/mL). The constituents of UNSAP were determined by GC-MS. The subcutaneous administration of CCl4, caused liver injury. The hepatoprotective effect of UNSAP was comparable to that of α-tocopherol, a standard antioxidant agent. The co-administration of the investigated UNSAP normalized the activities of serum marker enzymes, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Furthermore, the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) level were found to be alleviated by pre-treatment with the UNSAP. A histopathological evaluation showed marked improvement in the liver of UNSAP- and α-Tocopherol-treated animals. The hepatoprotective effect could be attributed to the antioxidant characteristics of UNSAP.
Highlights
Kits used for the determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and MDA were obtained from the Biodiagnostic Company for Diagnostic and Research Reagents (Cairo, Egypt). α-tocopherol was purchased from Hoffman La Roche (Basel, Switzerland)
Olive oil and sesame seed oils were characterized by a higher content of unsaponifiable matter (UNSAP) fraction, which amounted to 1.7 and 2.5%, respectively (Table 1)
GC-MS data indicated that UNSAP from linseed oil contained γ-tocopherol (5.43%), sterols (13.91%), and hydrocarbons. α-tocopherol was not detected in the UNSAP of linseed oil as reported by Gliszczynska-Swiglo et al, (2007)
Summary
Extra virgin olive oil, and sesame oil were obtained from Tanta Oil and Soap Company (Egypt), Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt, and private Mill, Cairo, Egypt, respectively. Kits used for the determination of ALT, AST, and ALP were obtained from the Spinreact Company (Girona, Spain). Kits used for the determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and MDA were obtained from the Biodiagnostic Company for Diagnostic and Research Reagents (Cairo, Egypt). Α-tocopherol was purchased from Hoffman La Roche (Basel, Switzerland). All other chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade
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