Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the effect of Silymarin (SLM) on the hypertension state and the liver function changes induced by acetaminophen (APAP) in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Animals normotensive (N) or hypertensive (SHR) were treated or not with APAP (3 g/kg, oral) or previously treated with SLM. Twelve hours after APAP administration, plasmatic levels of liver function markers: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glucose (GLU), gamma glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) of all groups, were determined. Liver injury was assessed using histological studies. Samples of their livers were then used to determine the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and nitric oxide (NO) production and were also sectioned for histological analysis. No differences were observed for ALT, γ-GT, and GLU levels between SHR and normotensive rats groups. However, AST and ALP levels were increased in hypertensive animals. APAP treatment promoted an increase in ALT and AST in both SHR and N. However, only for SHR, γ-GT levels were increased. The inflammatory response evaluated by MPO activity and NO production showed that SHR was more susceptible to APAP effect, by increasing leucocyte infiltration. Silymarin treatment (Legalon) restored the hepatocyte functional and histopathological alterations induced by APAP in normotensive and hypertensive animals.
Highlights
A growing number of patients require several drugs to treat multiple chronic disorders
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Silymarin on changes in the liver function after APAP administration in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), because cardiovascular diseases which promote structural and functional changes in blood vessels and myocardium [19] may interfere in the blood perfusion of different organs, such as kidney, lungs, heart, and liver
The liver index was increased after APAP treatment but restored to normal values after SLM pretreatment (Table 1)
Summary
A growing number of patients require several drugs to treat multiple chronic disorders. Hepatic damage is associated with altered metabolic functions and it is still a severe health problem, since conventional drugs used in the treatment of liver diseases have serious adverse effects [2]. Cardiovascular diseases such as arterial hypertension (AH) promote functional and structural changes in blood vessels and myocardium, which lead to left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, cerebral vascular accident, renal disease, and complications of vital organs [2,3,4]. Hypertensive patients could develop severe hepatic damage and several experimental hepatotoxicity models are used to investigate new pharmacologic treatment. There are few studies investigating the new strategic therapeutic in hypertensive animals with hepatotoxicity
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