Abstract
Objective: The ethanolic extract of Cordia obliqua (EECO) Willd. leaves was evaluated for hepatoprotective activity in Wistar rats by inducing hepatic damage with paracetamol.
 Methods: The leaves of C. obliqua were dried under shade, segregated, pulverized by a mechanical grinder and passed through a 40 mesh sieve. The powdered plant materials were stored in an air-tight container. The above-powdered materials were successively extracted with ethanol by hot continuous percolation method in Soxhlet apparatus for 24 h. The extract was concentrated using a rotary evaporator and subjected to freeze drying in a lyophilizer till dry powder was obtained.
 Results: Treatment with EECO at 200 and 400 mg/kg showed significant decrease in serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin levels and a significant elevation in the total protein, albumin, and globulin levels in serum when compared with paracetamol treated rats. In histological study of liver, the hepatocytes show moderate cytoplasm and moderately enlarged pleomorphic and hyperchromatic nuclei. The portal triads show mild periportal inflammation composed of lymphocytes, and central veins are normal.
 Conclusion: On the basis of results, we can conclude that the EECO leaves showed potential hepatoprotective activity in rats.
Highlights
Liver disease accounts for approximately 2 million deaths per year worldwide, 1 million due to complications of cirrhosis, and 1 million due to viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma [1,2]
Our literature survey revealed that the hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of C. obliqua was not investigated, these activities have been investigated in the present study
Treatment with ethanolic extract of Cordia obliqua (EECO) at 200 and 400 mg/kg showed significant decrease in serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin (TB) levels are shown in Table 1, and a significant elevation in the total protein (TP), albumin, and globulin levels are shown in Table 2 when compared with paracetamoltreated rats
Summary
Liver disease accounts for approximately 2 million deaths per year worldwide, 1 million due to complications of cirrhosis, and 1 million due to viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma [1,2]. Hundreds of plants have been so far examined to be taken for a wide spectrum of liver diseases [4,5]. Called as clammy cherry is a flowering plant species in the genus Cordia belonging to the family Boraginaceae. C. obliqua is used for cooling effects, anthelmintic, expectorant, and diuretic. It lessens thirst and scalding of urine, removes pains in the joints, and it is used as treatment of diseases of spleen and leprosy. Our literature survey revealed that the hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of C. obliqua was not investigated, these activities have been investigated in the present study
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