Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a globally common neoplasm, with regional metastasis associated with >50% of the tumors. Extrahepatic metastasis is also common, with the lungs, diaphragm, abdominal lymph nodes and bone being the most frequently affected regions. However, to the best of our knowledge, HCC metastasis to the lacrimal gland has not been reported in the literature. Only one case of metastasis to the lacrimal sac from a renal cell carcinoma has been reported. The current study presents the case of a 56-year-old male with ocular symptoms who was eventually diagnosed with HCC. The therapeutic alternatives for such cases are also discussed according to the reviewed literature. Clinicians should be watchful for the appearance of tumors in the lacrimal gland in patients with a history of malignancy.
Highlights
Case reportThe main causes of mortality for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are cancer progression, tumour recurrence and metastasis
>50% of HCC cases result in extrahepatic metastases [6,7], which occur most frequently in the lungs, adrenal glands and regional lymph nodes [8,9], but rarely in the lacrimal gland
Metastases to the lacrimal gland are extremely rare, when they do occur, they appear as exophytic tumors, and rarely with bone changes
Summary
The main causes of mortality for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are cancer progression, tumour recurrence and metastasis. The incidence of extrahepatic metastasis among all HCC patients is reported to be >25%, with the lungs, diaphragm, abdominal lymph nodes and bone recognized as the most frequently affected areas [2]. A 56‐year‐old male was admitted to Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute (Jinan, China) due to a 15‐day history of epiphora associated with a non‐tender 35x30‐mm pulsatile mass in the right lacrimal gland and the loss of 3 kg of weight in one month.
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