Abstract
We investigated possible links between the etiology of liver disease and gallstone risk in Chinese patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). We compared the outcomes of 267 Chinese CLD patients with gallstones and those of a control group of 1,015 CLD patients without gallstones. Logistic regression analyses adjusting for demographic features and other gallstone risk factors revealed that liver cirrhosis increased the risk of gallstone development twofold [adjusted odds ratio (AOR); 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 2.343 (1.710–3.211)]. HCV infection increased gallstone risk 1–2-fold [AOR; 95% CI: 1.582 (1.066–2.347)] higher than did HBV infection. Multivariate analyses of the risk of developing gallstones in patients with liver cirrhosis after an HCV or HBV infection yielded an estimated AOR (95% CI) of 1.601 (1.063–2.413) in patients with an HCV infection. In elderly patients with CLD (≥60 years of age), gallstone risk also increased significantly after an HCV infection [AOR (95% CI): 2.394 (1.066–5.375)]. HCV infection, older age, and liver cirrhosis significantly correlate with an increased risk of gallstone development in Chinese patients with CLD. HCV infection further increases this risk in both patients with liver cirrhosis and in elderly CLD patients (≥60 years of age).
Highlights
The current study was undertaken to analyze the risk factors for the development of gallstones in Chinese chronic liver disease (CLD) patients, as well as the possible relationships between HCV infection and gallstone formation in subsets of CLD patients, such as those with liver cirrhosis and the elderly
Because liver cirrhosis is believed to be a major risk factor for gallstone development in CLD patients, we evaluated the association of risk factors and gallstone formation in 711 patients with cirrhosis (Table 3)
We further analyzed the relationship between gallstone risk and gender, total bilirubin (TBIL) levels, diabetes, etiology, and liver cirrhosis in CLD patients of different ages (Table 4)
Summary
We investigated possible links between the etiology of liver disease and gallstone risk in Chinese patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). In elderly patients with CLD (≥60 years of age), gallstone risk increased significantly after an HCV infection [AOR (95% CI): 2.394 (1.066–5.375)]. HCV infection, older age, and liver cirrhosis significantly correlate with an increased risk of gallstone development in Chinese patients with CLD. HCV infection further increases this risk in both patients with liver cirrhosis and in elderly CLD patients (≥60 years of age). Determining the potential relationship between the development of gallstones and the etiology of CLD is of great interest, as previous research has suggested that HCV infection is a relevant risk factor for gallstone formation[6]. The current study was undertaken to analyze the risk factors for the development of gallstones in Chinese CLD patients, as well as the possible relationships between HCV infection and gallstone formation in subsets of CLD patients, such as those with liver cirrhosis and the elderly
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