Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is prevalent in China and screening of blood donors is mandatory. Up to now, ELISA has been universally used by the China blood bank. However, this strategy has sometimes failed due to the high frequency of nucleoside acid mutations. Understanding HBV evolution and strain diversity could help devise a better screening system for blood donors. However, this kind of information in China, especially in the northwest region, is lacking. In the present study, serological markers and the HBV DNA load of 11 samples from blood donor candidates from northwest China were determined. The HBV strains were most clustered into B and C genotypes and could not be clustered into similar types from reference sequences. Subsequent testing showed liver function impairment and increasing virus load in the positive donors. This HBV evolutionary data for China will allow for better ELISA and NAT screening efficiency in the blood bank of China, especially in the northwest region.
Highlights
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) poses a great threat to humans, with serious consequences including liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and polyarteritis nodosa [1]
Nucleic acid testing (NAT) screening of 11 HBV-infected donors To screen the HBV-infected donors, NAT was employed based on real-time PCR
NAT has been globally adopted in blood banks to detect infectious pathogens, especially in developed nations [16]
Summary
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) poses a great threat to humans, with serious consequences including liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and polyarteritis nodosa [1]. This infection is prevalent in Asia, Africa, Southern Europe and Latin America [2]. All samples from blood donors are tested for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and alanine amino transferase (ALT). HBsAg is currently identified by ELISA, and ALT is tested for using dynamic enzyme methods. Such screening is instrumental in reducing the risk of HBV transmission through blood transfusion [7]. As mutations can occur in different viral stains, ELISA occasionally fails to detect HBV-infected donors [8,9,10,11]
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