Abstract
Hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates are low throughout most populations in China. Factors influencing low coverage rates, including population-specific hepatitis B vaccination barriers, may inform policies that promote vaccination. A cross-sectional survey of residents from 43 communities assessed their vaccination status and identified associated factors via uni- and multivariable logistic regression and subgroup analyses. In total, 11,280 of 36,007 respondents received a hepatitis B vaccine, indicating a 31.33% coverage rate. Multivariable logistic regression revealed non-Beijing (odds ratio (OR) = 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76–0.85) and residents who self-rated their health as very healthy (OR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.68–0.99) were unlikely to be vaccinated. Farmers (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.51–1.86), commerce and service workers (OR = 1.82; 95% CI, 1.63–2.04), government employees (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.38–1.77), professionals and technicians (OR = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.63–2.09), and students (OR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.10–2.59) had increased hepatitis B vaccination rates. The multivariable assessment revealed hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates are associated with confirmed or suspected family cases, vaccination unwillingness or uncertainty, and unawareness of its prevention of the hepatitis B virus. Low hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates among Beijing subpopulations highlight the need for improved strategies, including those that target specific populations.
Highlights
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a small, enveloped, primarily hepatotropic DNA virus [1]
It is estimated that about 0.5% of the total China population live with liver cirrhosis [5], and HBV has been implicated in the cause of up to 80% of cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in China [6]
The hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates showed an increasing trend that was statistically significant with regard to education level, a finding that is in accordance with the results previously reported by both Zhu et al [20] and Awoke et al [22]
Summary
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a small, enveloped, primarily hepatotropic DNA virus [1]. Hepatitis B has become an important public health issue, and its disease burden is high globally [2]. Hepatitis B has resulted in over 0.8 million global deaths, mostly from primary liver cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis [3]. China has the world’s largest HBV infection burden, with >83 million individuals positive for the HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in 2018 [4]. It is estimated that about 0.5% (or 7 million) of the total China population live with liver cirrhosis [5], and HBV has been implicated in the cause of up to 80% of cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in China [6]. Liver cancer ranked in the top five of the incidence and mortality of all cancers in China [7]; the mortality of liver cancer is 15.09/105 [7], and HBV infections, a significant mortality source, are the leading cause of liver cancer [6]
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