Abstract
Hepatitis B virus causes acute and chronic inflammation of liver which may leads to hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis and death. Chronic hepatitis B is usually accompanied by the presence of detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the blood for greater than 6 months. The presence of hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) is related to higher rates of viral replication leading to more infection. Objective: Currently vaccination for prevention of hepatitis B is present and its treatment includes pegylated interferon α, lamivudine, telbivudine and entecavir (nucleoside analogues) and adefovir (nucleotide analogues). This treatment is partially effective and has significant dose dependent side effects and resistance after long term use. Hence, there is a need to develop new more safe and potent agents against hepatitis B from medicinal plants. This review illustrates the description of medicinal plants, family, their active ingredients, parts and extracts used to treat hepatitis B by their mechanisms. The pharmaceutical companies are striving to discover appropriate alternative and natural inhibitors of targeting different steps of HBV life cycle, because single plant contains an invaluable number of active ingredients which could help in the manufacture of pharmaceutical grade proteins and has wide spectrum of antiviral activity. However, information of antiviral activity of plants is still inadequate.
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