Hepatic transcriptome analysis reveals altered lipid metabolism and consequent health indices in chicken supplemented with dietary Bifidobacterium bifidum and mannan-oligosaccharides

Kapil Dev,Simmi Tomar,Jitendra Singh,Jubeda Begum,Krishna Bharali,Avishek Biswas,Joyshikh Sonowal,Neeraj Ahlawat,Ravi Prakash,Rajiv Kant,Nasir Akbar Mir

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-97467-1

Abstract

This study investigated the role of dietary prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS), and probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum (BFD) in lipid metabolism, deposition, and consequent health indices in broiler chicken. The supplementation of 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed resulted in downregulation of Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, sterolregulatory element binding protein-1, and apolipoprotein B100; and up-regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α AMP-activated protein kinase α-1, and stearoyl CoA (∆9) desaturase-1 hepatic expression in broiler chicken. The birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed depicted lower body fat percentage, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and saturated fatty acid contents, whereas, higher palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, and MUFA contents were observed. The ∆9-desaturase indices of chicken meat have shown higher values; and elongase index (only thigh) and thioesterase index have shown lower values in birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed. The meat health indices such as Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)/Saturated fatty acids (SFA) ratio, Mono-saturated fatty acids (MUFA)/SFA ratio, unsaturated fatty acids (UFA)/SFA ratio, hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic fatty acid ratio, saturation index, atherogenic index, thrombogenic index, and hypercholesterolemic fatty acid content were positively improved in birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed. Similarly, the birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed have shown lower serum triglyceride and total cholesterol levels along with higher high density levels and improved serum health indices cardiac risk ratio, atherogenic coefficient, and, atherogenic index of plasma.

Highlights

The major organ of intermediary metabolism of lipids in broiler chicken is liver[1,2]
Lipid deposition is the function of balance between the lipolysis and lipogenesis in the body[14] and alteration in the expression pattern of genes involved in lipid metabolism in response to dietary synbiotics affect the lipid deposition in broiler c hicken[3]
The key enzymes involved in lipogenesis are acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), malic enzyme (ME), and stearoyl CoA (Δ9) desaturase 1 (SCD-1) which are regulated by SERBP-1 and the key enzymes involved in lipolysis are peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) and AMPKα-12,3,23

Summary

Introduction

The major organ of intermediary metabolism of lipids in broiler chicken is liver[1,2]. The development of adipose in broiler chicken is determined by the serum triglyceride levels and the major substrates of lipid metabolism are triglycerides along with cholesterol fractions[6]. All these genes involved in lipogenesis, lipolysis, and transport of lipids are responsive to nutritional interventions directly or indirectly which results in alteration of lipid metabolism and the consequent lipid deposition in c hicken[3,6,7]. This study investigated the role of dietary prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS), and probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum (BFD) in lipid metabolism, deposition, and consequent health indices in broiler chicken

Methods

Results

Conclusion