Abstract
This review summarizes what is known about enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC adherence to HEp-2 cells and biological significance of this phenomenon. HEp-2 is a line of tissue culture cells derived from an epidermoid carcinoma of a larynx to which 80% of EPEC strains adhere. This phenomenon is used as an assay for certain serotypes of E. coli which produce a characteristic intestinal lesion destroy microvilli and form pedestals. Now both defuse adherence and localized adherence with microcolonies have been distinguished. The localized behavior is determined by a E. coli plasmid. Volunteer studies have shown that the strains with the plasmid cause more illness. The diffuse adherence is caused by a distinct surface protein on the bacteria to which purified breast mild sIgA binds. Diffuse adherence needs to be characterized genetically and pathologically. A 3rd type of adherence dubbed aggregative has now been described where the E. coli adhere both to HEp-2 cells with a stacked brick pattern as well as glass slides. These bacteria were isolated from Chilean children with diarrhea and may carry a plasmid.
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