Hemostatic Activity of Canine Never-Frozen Liquid Plasma Collected for Transfusion.

Daniela Proverbio,Eva Spada,Luciana Baggiani,Roberta Perego

doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.731617

Abstract

This study measured the changes of hemostatic activity in liquid plasma (LP) over 7 days of storage. Five canine plasma units, divided into two aliquots were evaluated: one stored refrigerated at 2–6°C as never-frozen LP and one frozen at −18°C as fresh frozen plasma (FFP). Clotting times, coagulation activities of factor (F) V, VIII, X, XI, antithrombin (AT), and von Willebrand (vWF), fibrinogen and D-dimers (DD) content were assessed before storage (baseline value), and after 12, 24, 48 h and 7 days (D7) in LP stored refrigerated, and on day 7 in FFP. At baseline median values of all factor activity were greater than 80%, and for clotting times, AT, fibrinogen and DD content, were within the canine reference range. Some hemostatic parameters changed significantly over 7 days and at the end of storage in LP. However, median activities of FV, FVIII, FX and FXI, coagulation time, AT, fibrinogen and DD content remained within reference ranges at all time points. The only exception was for vWF which median activity was lower than reference range for all storage time points. Activity of FVIII was significant lower in LP at D7 when compared to activity in FFP, with values of 62 vs. 118%, respectively. DD content showed a median value higher than reference range in FFP at D7. Despite some statistically significant changes at the end of 7-day storage period, never-frozen LP maintained median factor activities >80% for most factors. The clinical impact of the drop over time of vWF activity is unknown.

Highlights

Canine whole blood (WB) units collected for transfusion purposes are typically centrifuged to obtain fractionated blood products, usually consisting of a unit of packed red blood cells and a unit of plasma
At baseline all five canine plasma units had median values of all factor activities within the canine reference range and greater than 80%, with median baseline values ranging from 86 (FV) to 109% (FVIII)
As in previous studies on canine plasma stored as liquid plasma (LP) at refrigeration temperatures for between 7 and 35 days (2, 5, 14), and in human LP stored for 14 and 26 days (15, 16), we found an increase in prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) in comparison to baseline value and with respect to frozen storage, but the differences were unlikely to be clinically significant, and the values of these parameters were maintained within their reference intervals

Summary

Introduction

Canine whole blood (WB) units collected for transfusion purposes are typically centrifuged to obtain fractionated blood products, usually consisting of a unit of packed red blood cells (pRBCs) and a unit of plasma. The plasma contains therapeutic levels of functional coagulation factors and can be immediately transfused as fresh plasma or stored frozen (1–7). Plasma transfusion is an essential component of treatment for many congenital and acquired coagulopathies in dogs, such as disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, hemophilia A (deficiency of factor VIII), hemophilia B (deficiency of factor IX), von Willebrand’s disease, hepatic disease, or anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity (8–10). Several fresh plasma components are available for transfusion in both human and veterinary medicine. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is plasma that has been separated from red blood cells (RBCs) and frozen within

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