Abstract
The hemorheologic disorders, which are potentially deleterious in a wide range of pathologies, were studied in patients with type-1 and type-2 diabetes mellitus. The significant determinants of blood viscosity, red blood cells (RBC) deformability and RBC reversible aggregation were assessed by ektacytometry and by laser backscattering technique, respectively. For both types of the disease, we observed acceleration of the first phase of RBC aggregation that contrasted with its deceleration at the second phase. The hydrodynamic stability of the aggregates, especially the smallest ones, exceeded the normal values in both cases. The influence of GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor, monafram on RBC aggregation and disaggregation was the same in the cases of patients and normal subjects. The maximal shear induced RBC stretching exceeded the normal one in patients of both groups. The data reveal not only pathological but also compensatory character of hemorheological alterations in patients with type-1 and type-2 diabetes mellitus.
Highlights
The abnormalities of biophysical properties of blood are often related to enhanced red blood cells (RBC) rigidity, which results in microcirculatory disturbances and aggravation effects in different diseases [1, 2]
diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterised by the absolute or relative deficiency of insulin, leading to hyperglycaemia, and long ago it was revealed that DM can accompanied by the decreased RBC deformability and enhanced RBC aggregation [4, 5]
The specific fibrinogen receptors were revealed at RBC membrane [10], and it is possible that, in pathologic cases, this specific fibrinogen–RBC interaction can enhance the stability of RBC aggregates [11]
Summary
The abnormalities of biophysical properties of blood are often related to enhanced RBC rigidity, which results in microcirculatory disturbances and aggravation effects in different diseases [1, 2]. DM is characterised by the absolute or relative deficiency of insulin, leading to hyperglycaemia, and long ago it was revealed that DM can accompanied by the decreased RBC deformability and enhanced RBC aggregation [4, 5]. These hemorheological disturbances can give rise to ischemic-related tissue damage and stimulate the development of different complications [6]. In patients with DM, the RBCs were shown to possess some specific features [12], but their possible receptor interaction with fibrinogen (which, in contrast to non-specific coupling, could be subject to pharmacological intervention) remains practically unstudied
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