Hemodynamic response to different contractile speeds of resistance exercise in adults with sarcopenic obesity

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the effects of high-speed and low-speed resistance exercise on hemodynamics in adults with sarcopenic obesity. We hypothesized that high-speed resistance exercise induces greater/longer cardiovascular stress than low-speed resistance exercise. Forty-five individuals with sarcopenic obesity (64.0±6.0 years) were randomized to the low-speed resistance exercise group (LSRE; n=24) and the high-speed resistance exercise group (HSRE; n=21). All participants performed one-session of resistance exercises [squatting, chest press, and upright row; 3 sets of 10 repetitions at 60% of 1 repeated maximum]. Participants in the LSRE group performed the exercises with a 4:4 second concentric-eccentric contraction cycle controlled by a metronome while participants in the HSRE group performed the exercise with a 1:4 second concentric-eccentric contraction cycle. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), and arterial stiffness (brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; baPWV) were determined before exercise (resting), immediately after exercise (P0), 15-min after exercise (P15), and 30-min after exercise (P30). Two-way repeated measure analysis of variance was used to examine the effect of different contractile speeds of resistance exercise on outcome variables. The significant level was set at 0.05. We found that the HR at P0 was higher than the resting values for both groups, with 10.9 bpm and 14.0 bpm of increases for the LSRE group and HSRE group, respectively. HR was back to the resting level at P15 in the LSRE group; however, HR was back to the resting level until P30 in the HSRE group. For both groups, SBP was significantly higher at P0 compared to resting (12.5 mmHg of increase for the LSRE group and 11.9 mmHg of increase for the HSRE group) and back to the resting level at P15. PWV at P0 was higher than the resting and back to the resting level at P15 in the LSRE group. PWV levels did not change with exercise in the HSRE group (p>0.05). DBP did not change significantly with exercise in both groups (p>0.05). In conclusion, the influence of HSRE on HR is longer than that of LSRE. LSRE, but not HSRE, results in transient changes in arterial stiffness in adults with sarcopenic obesity. This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [grant numbers: MOST-109-2314-B-010 -036 -MY3 (Chen, C.N.)]. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.