Hemochromatosis gene mutations in chronic hepatitis “C” patients

Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant global health problem. Elevated hepatic iron concentration has often been found in patients with chronic hepatitis C, and this excess iron increases oxidative stress, which can accelerate the progression of fibrosis and may promote hepatic carcinogenesis. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of C282Y (exchange of cysteine to tyrosine at amino acid 282) and H63D (exchange of histidine to aspartic acid at amino acid 63) in hereditary hemochromatosis gene (HFE) mutations among chronic HCV patients and to find whether elevation of serum iron indices is related to HFE gene mutations in patients with chronic hepatitis C. The study population was 80 chronic HCV patients divided into two groups: group I included 40 patients with serum iron overload, and group II included 40 patients without iron overload. HFE gene mutation was studied by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The C282Y mutation was not found in any of the 80 patients, while the H63D mutation was present in 18.7 % of the entire study sample. Comparing the two studied groups, H63D mutation was found in 20 % of the iron overload group and 17.5 % of the non-iron overload group. Statistically, there was no significant difference between the two study groups. Regarding iron studies, results of the current study revealed no significant difference between chronic HCV patients with iron overload and those with normal iron profile regarding any of the HFE mutations. In conclusion, the current work emphasizes that the C282Y mutation is absent in our community, while H63D mutation presence does not differ greatly from other Caucasian races especially in Europe. The current study did not detect any effect of HFE mutation on increasing serum iron overload.