Abstract

mal controls. In both cases, performance on the gambling task was clearly impaired, with a tendency for both children and adults to prefer less advantageous decks and to fail to improve their behavior throughout the task duration. For ADHD children, failure to perform the task was unrelated to any of two versions of the Stroop test. For psychopaths, gambling performance was marginally correlated to Stroop performance, but was very significantly correlated to the degree of psychopathy (assessed by the Hare’s psychopathy check list). Interestingly, these correlations were found in the control group as well. Taken together, these results suggest that ADHD children as well as adults with psychopathy tendencies have a dysfunction in brain reward mechanisms.

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