Abstract
Piercing-sucking herbivores (Insecta: Hemiptera) represent one of the greatest threats to agricultural production worldwide. Hemipteran pests directly injure plants as well as vector disease-causing plant pathogens. Production of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) in North America is impacted by a complex of Hemiptera including the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner (Aphididae); yellow sugarcane aphid, Sipha flava (Forbes) (Aphididae); West Indian canefly, Saccharosydne saccharivora (Westwood) (Delphacidae); sugarcane delphacid, Perkinsiella saccharicida Kirkaldy (Delphacidae); and sugarcane lace bug, Leptodictya tabida (Herric-Schaeffer) (Tingidae). None of these pests is consistently damaging to large amounts of sugarcane acreage, but regional outbreaks are common. The biology, ecology, and pest management of these insects are discussed with emphasis on North America sugarcane production.
Highlights
Sugarcane is produced on more than 1.1 million ha in the U.S and Mexico [1,2]
Chemical controls are not consistently recommended as there is little evidence that insecticide applications targeting S. flava will improve yields or reduce virus transmission
S. saccharivora nymphs was frequently observed in males werebut notnot collected forwhich species determination, nymphs were consistent in Louisiana, at levels would exert majorobserved influenceparasitized on pest population dynamics
Summary
Sugarcane is produced on more than 1.1 million ha in the U.S and Mexico [1,2]. Sugarcane cultivation in the U.S occurs in three distinct regions: Louisiana, Florida, and the Rio Grande. Production of sugarcane in Mexico is concentrated on the coastal plains of both the Gulf and Pacific coasts with the states of Veracruz, San Luis Potosi, and Jalisco, accounting for the majority of sugar produced in the country [2]. The primary focus of entomological research in. A complex of piercing-sucking insects (Hemiptera) that attack sugarcane in this region has received relatively little attention from researchers. No works have examined the complex collectively or across geographical regions. The biology and ecology of five species of hemipteran pests attacking sugarcane in the U.S and Mexico are reviewed
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